Sigmund Freud
- we all have a libido (sexual drive)
- our libido travels to different areas of our body throughout our development
- if we become preoccupied with any area, Freud said we have become fixated on it
Oral stage (0-1)
- seek pleasure through our mouths
- babies put everything in their mouths
- psychological task-weaning
Anal stage (1-3)
- psychological task-toilet training
- libido is focused on controlling waste and expelling waste
Phallic stage (3-6)
- children first recognize their gender
- psychological task-identify with the same sex parent
- causes conflict in families with the Oedipus and Electra complexes
Latency stage (6-11)
- libido is hidden
- cooties stage
- conflicts from earlier stages remain dormant or below the surface
Genital stage (11 and up)
- libido is focused on their genitals
- experience sexual feelings towards others
- conflicts from early childhood reappear
Criticisms of Kohlberg
- Carol Gillian pointed out that Kohlberg only tested boys
- bots tend to have a more absolute value of morality
- girls tend to look at situational factors
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